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Learning Structure of Atom for NEET

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An atom is the smallest part of a substance, and understanding its structure is very important while studying the behaviour of various elements and compounds. Atomic Structure is also a very important topic for the various competitive exams, such as JEE and NEET.  

A lot of Science MCQs on Structure of Atom can be solved if you follow the tips mentioned below. 

Study Of Atom

The study of atoms was first carried out by the Greek philosopher Democritus. In his study, he mentioned that any matter can be broken down into an elementary particle that cannot be divided further, and that particle is known as an atom. 

Later, Plato and Aristotle rejected his theory, and they said that matter was composed of four fundamental elements, such as water, earth, air and fire. But later, in 1803, John Dalton supported Democritus theory and proposed his theory known as Dalton’s atomic theory, which is accepted by everyone. 

Dalton’s Atomic Theory 

The major postulates of Dalton’s theory are as follows:

  • A matter is composed of different small particles known as atoms, which cannot be broken any further. That is why an atom is often called the smallest particle of an element. 
  • “Atoms can neither be created nor destroyed”. This means that an atom of any element can never be changed or rearranged into atoms of another element by any chemical reaction. Even if an atom underwent a chemical reaction, the number of atoms present before and after the chemical reaction remains unchanged. 
  • Every element has its atomic mass and number. Atoms of every element differ in shape and size.
  • Atoms in other elements combine together in a specific ratio of whole numbers and form a compound atom, which is known as molecules.  

Composition Of Atom

Atoms consist of mainly three particles, namely electron, proton and neutron. In the centre of the atom, the nucleus is located, which contains protons and neutrons. And the outside region of an atom has an electron shell that consists of electrons. 

Let’s discuss these particles briefly. 

  1. Electron – J.J. Thompson discovered it in the cathode ray experiment. Electrons have negative charges, and their weight is 9.1094 x 10-31kg. It is the main component of cathode rays. 

Cathode rays are negatively charged, and they travel in a straight line towards the anode. Cathode rays are invisible, but if a fluorescent bulb is placed in their path, it will glow, and thus, the presence of negative charges is detected.

  1. Proton – Discovered by Goldstein, Protons have a positive charge on them. Its weight is  1.676 x 10-27 kg. It is the component of anode rays. Anode rays are also known as canal rays and travel in a straight line. These rays get deflected by any external magnetic field. 
  2. Neutron – Neutrons were discovered by Chadwick and had no charge on them. They are neutral particles that weigh 1.675 x 10-27kg. They are unstable and have high penetrating power in them.

Different Models Of Atom

The structure of an atom can be understood by various models proposed by scientists over a period of time.

Thomson’s Model Of Atom

J.J.Thomson visualised the structure of atoms as spherical pudding, and thus, this model is known as the plum pudding model of atoms. The drawback of this structure was that Thomson failed to explain the stability of the atom and the position of the nucleus inside an atom.  

Rutherford’s Nuclear Model

According to this model, the particles with positive charges called nucleus are a very compact space inside an atom. 

The main drawback of this model was that it failed to explain the stability of atoms, and it also did not mention anything about the energies of electrons surrounding the nucleus.

Bohr Model Of Atom

Bohr explained the stability of atoms in his experiment and explained the idea of the absorption and emission of energies of electrons surrounding the nucleus. 

But he failed to explain the idea of two or more electrons in an atom and the magnetic and electric effect on spectra of atoms. 

NEET Chemistry Paper

In NEET, chemistry is divided into three portions, i.e., Organic, Physical and Inorganic chemistry. Chemistry is one of the scoring subjects in the NEET exams. If you prepare the chemistry chapters like atomic structure in the best way, you are more likely to score better. 

Moreover, there are a total of 29 chapters of chemistry that are asked in the NEET. Here is a list of all the chapters and the weightage that will help you prepare well for MCQs in the NEET.

Chapter-wise Marks Weightage

Important Chapters Weightage 
The basic concept of chemistry 2%
Structure of atom 3%
Classification of elements and the periodic table 3%
Chemical bonding and molecular structure of the atom  5%
Concept of thermodynamics 9%
Equilibrium  6%
Solutions and their component 5%
Electrochemistry  4%
Kinetic Theory 3%
Alcohols, phenols and carboxylic acid 8%

Preparation Tips For Atomic Structure 

Every NEET aspirant should prepare all the important topics in the NEET syllabus. The structure of atoms is one of the important chapters in chemistry for NEET. To have a better understanding of this chapter, you must follow the below-listed preparation tips.

  • You must study the atomic structure chapter thoroughly from your NCERT book. 
  • You can watch the videos online about the atomic structure and its different theories.
  • Solve all the numerical and questions related to this chapter. Revise all the solved examples.
  • Practise sample papers and do at least 10 mock tests to ensure that you have understood the chapter well.
  • You should also practice the previous year question papers to understand the paper’s pattern and manage your time accordingly. 

Final Remarks

Atoms are indeed an important constituent of an element. An atom consists of an electron, proton and neutron. Soon after its discovery, many scientists started experimenting to know the actual structure of the atom. J.J. Thomson, Ernest Rutherford and Niels Bohr are credited with studying atomic structure in the early days.

Atomic structure is a very important chapter, which you should study for your NEET preparation to score good marks in chemistry.  

Top tips to memorise the atomic mass of the first 30 elements

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Atoms, Protons, Neutrons, Electrons, Atomic Numbers, Atomic Masses, the Periodic Table, and the list goes on. It seems exciting when we get introduced to chemistry. New concepts come our way, and trying to ace them becomes one of our interests. One of such concepts that make us invest our time is the periodic table and the concepts. Memorising the elements of the Periodic Table is just for fun but essential for your grades too. 

It all starts with learning the first 30 elements; we all try to memorise those elements in different ways that suit us. So, here are the top tips for memorising the 

Atomic Mass of the First 30 Elements

You must try this out if you haven’t experimented with other tricks yet. 

Hydrogen – H – Happy

Helium – He – Henry

Lithium – Li – Lives

Beryllium – Be – Beside

Boron – B – Boron

Carbon – C – Cottage

Nitrogen – N – Near

Oxygen – O – Our

Fluorine – F – Friend

Neon – Ne – Nelly

Sodium – Na – Nancy

Magnesium – Mg – Mg

Aluminium – Al – Allen

Silicon – Si – Silly

Phosphorus – P – Patrick

Sulphur – S – Stays

Chlorine – Cl – Close

Argon – Ar – Arthur 

Potassium – K – Kept

Calcium – Ca – Carrie

This was a simple way in the form of a sentence/phrase to learn the first 20 elements. 

Now let’s talk about the top 5 methods to memorise the periodic table. Eventually, atomic masses make their way along post-learning of the elements. 

  1. Visual Memory

Our brains love pictures, and that makes our visual memory techniques 10x more potent than other methods.

Tip: Get yourself a medium-sized chart of the periodic table. Seeing the picture now and then would help you learn the values faster and easier. 

  1. Sing Self Composed Songs 

It is undoubtedly a great way to make repetition fun. Songs do make a way into your brains than any concepts that you try to mug up. 

Tip: Create a song that suits you to memorise the elements and let them play in your mind. You can even sing it out loud to help your friends too. 

  1. Acronyms 

First letters cues don’t prompt enough to recall the complete element name. But this is a great trick to learn the first 30 as no one asks you to memorise the whole table at once. 

Tip: The first letter of each element can be very easy to learn in the table as they are represented similarly. 

  1. Flashcards

This is a great way to recall your memory and practice the concepts now and then. It is an active and convenient way to use repetition. You might want to find shortcuts here, but oops! No shortcuts here. 

Tip: Make flashcards for the elements with their atomic number and atomic masses to check your memory. Exciting games will be lined up if you get started with the tricks. 

  1. Try out different Memorising strategies

Repetition is one of the strategies used by students to learn complex concepts. However, it has also been proven to be beneficial for many so that you can try it out too. 

Tip: Space out your studying and repetition over several days, and try to increase the time between your study sessions. 

The atomic mass of elements of the periodic table is measured with the help of unified atomic mass units. 

You need to figure out your tricks and tips to figure out a way of remembering atomic masses. But this method can help you remember the Atomic Mass of the First 30 Elements easily. 

  • For starters, the easiest and the most used trick to remember the atomic masses is to multiply the atomic number by 2. 

The formula behind the atomic masses of elements like He, Li, C, N, O, Ne, Si, S, Cl, Ca are double the atomic number.

For Example: 

He = 2 x2 = 4

Li = 3 x2 = 6 

C = 6 x2 = 12

  • The atomic masses for the rest of the elements like Be, B, F, Na, Mg, Al, P, Ar, and K are not double the atomic number.

For these elements just double the atomic number and add 1

For Example: 

Be = 4 x2  1 = 9

Na = 11 x2 1 = 23

Cl = 17 x2 1 = 35

This would not give you the actual atomic masses but values pretty close to the actual data. And for the school-level calculations, this trick would work pretty well. This method works well only for the first 30 (Zn) elements. However, for the later elements that are in the row, the technique becomes inaccurate. 

This is a must-try trick to memorise the values faster. 

Below are the atomic masses of the first 30 elements. Please take a look and select a trick that suits you better to ace it!

ATOMIC NUMBER ELEMENT ATOMIC MASS
1 Hydrogen 1.008
2 Helium 4.0026
3 Lithium 6.94
4 Beryllium 9.0122
5 Boron 10.81
6 Carbon 12.011
7 Nitrogen 14.007
8 Oxygen 15.999
9 Fluorine 18.998
10 Neon 20.180
11 Sodium 22.990
12 Magnesium 24.305
13 Aluminium 26.982
14 Silicon 28.085
15 Phosphorus 30.974
16 Sulfur 32.06
17 Chlorine 35.45
18 Argon 39.948
19 Potassium 39.098
20 Calcium 40.078
21 Scandium 44.956
22 Titanium 47.867
23 Vanadium 50.942
24 Chromium 51.996
25 Manganese 54.938
26 Iron 55.845
27 Cobalt 58.933
28 Nickel 58.693
29 Copper 63.546
30 Zinc 65.38

Simple memory tips and tricks:

  1. Try and understand the information first.
  2. Try to link it with the ideas you are familiar with.
  3. Sleep on it.
  4. A self-test is a must.
  5. Write it out.
  6. Talk to yourself. Explain what you learned.
  7. Exercise. Practice your techniques. 

Final Thoughts

Initially, some of these techniques can feel strange and take time to develop. But as time passes, you will get the hang of it, and the methods will feel natural. You don’t have to try them all; experiment with a few, see what works the best for you, and stick to it. 

Hope you found this article helpful. Drop your questions in the comment box, and we would be happy to clarify your doubts. 

HOW TO PREPARE FOR CLASS 6 MATHS OLYMPIAD.

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The INDIAN NATIONAL MATHEMATICAL OLYMPIAD (INMO) initially took place in 1989 and has been running since. Since then, this Olympiad has been held every year, with the majority of participants being high school students.

The Homi Bhabha Centre for Science Education is in charge of organising these competitions (HBCSE). Every year, on the third Sunday of January, this Olympiad is held in the leasta of 30 locations around the nation.

The Olympiads are established with the goal of assisting youngsters in their pursuit of national and international competition. Students improve their abilities as a result of participating in these Olympiads, which helps them prepare for a variety of competitive tests in the future.

The core test framework of the Mathematics Olympiad consists of the subjects: ALGEBRA, GEOMETRY, NUMBER THEORY, and GRAPH THEORY. The Mathematics Olympiad is held every two years in the United States.

Now let’s talk about how a student of class 6th can prepare for these Olympiads.

  1. The first and most important stage for pupils in sixth grade is to maintain their composure and concentration over the course of their preparations for the exam. It takes a lot of practise and consistency to succeed at mathematics. On a daily basis, the pupils should make certain that they adhere to their schedule.
  1. We know that the Mathematical Olympiad is held on the third Sunday of January every year, therefore students should begin their preparations at least two to three months before the competition. This is due to the fact that the sooner they begin, the more prepared they will be. Furthermore, the additional time will enable them to practise with sample papers.
  1. For pupils in sixth grade, finishing their own book will be the most effective approach to get started in the class. Students should ensure that they are thorough with their own curriculum and that they understand the fundamentals of each course before proceeding. Students from the Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE) or any other board are recommended to complete the MATHEMATICS NCERT BOOK OF CLASS 6TH initially.
  1. In addition to their own books, students are encouraged to tackle NCERT BOOKS from upper grades as part of their homework. If they are in class 9 or 10, they should be able to answer problems from the NCERT MATHEMATICS textbook. If students are unable to finish the higher-level textbooks, they are urged to at the very least understand all of the formulae included within those textbooks and to create a duplicate of their notes specifically for that purpose. As a result, when the students revise it at the end, all of the formulae will be in one convenient location. The pupils will find it to be quite handy.
  1. If time is limited and students are unable to complete a large number of books, such as the NCERT BOOKS for Classes 7th, 8th, 9th, and 10th, they are suggested to complete one book that is specialised in mathematics Olympiad. There is a list of the titles of those novels at the conclusion of this page, which you may read more about. The students should first complete the NCERT CLASS 6TH BOOK OF MATHEMATICS and only then should they begin reading any of the books listed below.
  1. After the completion of class 6th  NCERT book of mathematics; they can also practice IMO Sample Paper 2 with Answers For Class 6. learning all the formulas (class 6,7,8,9,10) and making a note copy for it. They should gradually start making mock or sample papers. The link for the sample papers of class 6th Mathematics Olympiad is also mentioned below at the end of this article. 
  1. Students should solve mock tests or the sample papers in silence and peace. They should solve it just as if they are giving their final Mathematics Olympiad. They should set the timer and sit down calmly and solve it. Keep the track on timing and also, keep on checking which section of Mathematics of yours is strong and which section needs attention. Students should start solving mocks at least 15 days-1 month before their Olympiad. So they can make their weaker sections strong.
  1. Now, one week before the Olympiad students should stop going through the books. They should now calm down and stop solving any more questions. The students should only revise all the formulas they have noted down in their copies, and all the mocks or questions they have solved in their copy. They should keep their book aside. LAST WEEK BEFORE EXAM: NO BOOK TOUCHING POLICY, ONLY NOTES COPY. 
  1. During the last week when you are going through your notes and formulas, Just believe that now you are fully prepared and you can solve every question that will come in front of you. During your last days, students are encouraged not to overdraw themselves. The students should either just revise what they have already done or do nothing. Don’t jump on any new thing. New things will only result in diverting your mind. 
  1. One night before the Olympiad stay calm and focused, don’t take any kind of stress and don’t open your book. The one last night before the Olympiad exam is considered one of the most crucial period throughout your preparation. This last night decides everything that is going to happen the next day. It is also advised to not go through any kind of study material one night before the exam, this is because you may exhaust yourself. And the very next day you will not be fresh enough to give your exams. One night before the Olympiad, just have a nice healthy meal, and sleep by 10-11 o’clock. Students must complete 8 hours of their sleep. Sleep is very much important for a student to keep their minds healthy and fresh as daisy. Next morning on the very final day, just check your bag, your instrument box and then go give your Olympiad exam. 

• BOOKS:

  1. Mathematics Olympiad For class 6, by Arihant.
  2. Olympiad prep-guide Mathematics for class 6 by MTG learning media.
  3. Mathematics Foundation course for class 6 by MTG learning media.
  4. Foundation Mathematics for class 6 by Disha publications.

How to Succeed in the International Mathematics Olympiad (IMO) Class-5

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Class 5 is regarded as middle school when kids are fully aware of their strengths and capabilities. They must be considered like adults today, and they should be encouraged to participate in extracurricular activities. In Olympiad tests, this exposure helps students prepare for their studies at their respective high schools. It is the same curriculum as that used for school exams for these examinations.

The IMO Maths Olympiad Previous Year Question Paper Class 5 is a fun and challenging opportunity to put one’s mathematical abilities to the test and further explore the world of number tricks and crunching techniques. It is also a recurring topic of discussion among math lovers, and it is not a simple issue to resolve. It exists on both a national and worldwide scale, and it needs specific techniques and methods to be successful. Creating Notes and quick facts for revision should be done while studying for examinations. It is also a good idea to undertake a rapid review before exams while studying for exams. A few quick facts may be sufficient for future reference and adjustment. It aids in the speedy acquisition of knowledge. 

Complete Mathematical Quizzes and Puzzles Practice makes perfect, so try to solve as many arithmetic problems as possible and answer as many questions as you can. Practicing will improve retention and aid in the rapid recall of topics when it comes time to sit for the test. Fix a time and location – Make confident that there is no interruption while you are studying. When you need to take a break from your studies, go away from your desk. By planning your schedule, you will be able to take regular intervals. When you have a few minutes to spare, spend a few minutes studying the tough or dull topics before moving on to the easier ones.

To begin, familiarise yourself with the course syllabus:

It is essential that you thoroughly review the curriculum of the test for which you will be appearing. You can get the curriculum for each Olympiad exam on the respective Olympiad’s official website. Going through the syllabus before beginning to prepare for the test will help you understand the specific subjects you will need to study and will allow you to develop a preparation approach that is tailored to your needs.

  • Mathematical Reasoning:

Mathematics: number sense, Numerals and Number Names (7 and 8 digit numbers), Roman Numbers (addition and subtraction), Multiplication and Division (including factors and multiples), Factors and Multiples, and Factorization. LCM HCF, Rules of Divisibility; whole numbers; prime numbers; composite numbers; fractions; decimals; geometrical shapes and angles; circles; symmetry; measurement of length; mass; capacity; perimeter; and area of a rectangle; measurement of volume; temperature; time and various operations on time; the relationship between seconds; minutes; and hours; money; and representation of data in pictorial form

  • Logical Reasoning:

Patterns, Number Formation, Direction Sense, Number Ranking, Alphabetical Test, Series, and Odd One Out are covered.

  • Achievers Section:

Questions on Higher Order Thinking Skills – drawn from the syllabus mentioned above.

Establish and keep to a reasonable study schedule:

Students studying for any Olympiads must adhere to a structured study plan, which includes developing a comprehensive approach for each academic area under consideration. A well-planned study schedule allows you to dedicate the appropriate amount of time to each subject and topic. In addition, it makes your studies more organized, which aids you in achieving your goal more quickly and efficiently.

Acquire a thorough knowledge of the concepts:

As a result, it is vital to study for the Olympiad tests since their questions often depend on conceptual facts. Consequently, students should extensively examine each topic to understand the ideas and reasoning that support the particular problem under consideration. Only comprehensive preparation can give students the confidence and capacity to answer the challenging questions presented in any competitive test or examination.

Create revision notes/quick facts:

Because the Olympiad tests are based on the curriculum taught in the school, students must take notes and recall short material for each topic studied in class to pass the Olympiad examinations. This basic information will be invaluable for future references and updates and help you learn more rapidly due to their inclusion.

Solve previous year’s papers, sample papers, and mock examinations to gain experience:

Previous year papers are usually helpful in determining the kind of questions asked in an examination. Furthermore, preparing with these papers can assist you in putting your Olympiad abilities to the test. Aside from that, students must complete sample papers to get experience with various questions covering each area. After that, you should conduct a mock exam and assess the findings.

Maintain your attention and motivation:

We are conscious that anything that is taught with total concentration and a proper attitude is accurately grasped. Therefore, you should retain your attention and attentiveness when preparing for the Olympiad exams due to this. To ensure that you are ready for the exam and pass with flying colors, you must have confidence in yourself and stay motivated throughout the preparation process.

Daily, practice English vocabulary and complete math quizzes/puzzles:

Learn at least one new English word every day to broaden your lexical base. Continue to do crossword puzzles and other random puzzles in newspapers and books. Locate any puzzle book and spend a lot of time practicing to enhance your logical thinking skills by solving various issues. A student does not need to enroll in any additional coaching programs or attend study sessions to prepare for the Olympiad test. Only a solid comprehension of each subject and idea gained by studying each topic in class will be sufficient to ensure success on these challenging tests.

Whether you are a first-timer or a seasoned athlete, full knowledge of the olympiads preparation is crucial. The questions in the Olympiad tests are more challenging to answer than those in ordinary school exams. They put your theories to the test. Exert your creativity by thinking outside the box.

Where can I find free NCERT solutions for class 11 biology?

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In Class 11, students who want to pursue medicine have to study Biology which is the most important subject to become a doctor. Students who aspire to become doctors have to understand every chapter of class 11 Biology to score high marks in the competitive exam. Students have to read every chapter carefully to understand the concepts given in the class 11th Biology NCERT book. Regular practice and hard work can help students to achieve their aim in life. 

Students will find questions at the end of each chapter in the NCERT book. They need to solve every question given at the back and in the middle of each chapter to score high marks in their exams. If students do not find the right answers to the questions in the NCERT book they can refer to the free NCERT Solutions available for free for class 11 Biology. 

Students can find several websites on the internet that provide free NCERT solutions for class 11 Biology. But, students must choose a reliable website to download the free NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology. Class 11th Biology NCERT Book contains all information related to the different chapters. Students only have to read the chapters carefully and understand the main concepts given in the chapters to ace the final exam. Students need to ensure that they give the right answers to every question in the exam to score high marks. This is only possible if they find the right website on the internet to download the solutions.

It is very easy for the students to download the NCERT solutions for class 11 biology for free from the internet. They can save the PDF document on their computers and can refer to the solutions when they need to prepare for the exam. NCERT Solutions can help students to clear their doubts easily. The solutions available on the internet for class 11 Biology are prepared using easy and simple methods which makes it easier for the students to memorize the answers. The solutions can also help students to write the correct answers to the questions asked in the exams.

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology can also help students to know the format and type of questions asked in the exam. They can prepare for the exams using the solutions to score high marks. Students can also make short notes using the solutions for a final revision during the exams. All the NCERT solutions for class 11 biology available on the internet are prepared by professional and educated teachers who have experience of many years. They understand the difficulties of the students and prepare the solutions by keeping in mind the difficulties of the students. They try to give answers in a simple language so that students can easily memorize the solutions for their final exams. If students face any difficulty in understanding any concept or topic or any chapter of class 11 Biology then they can immediately refer to the NCERT solutions for the same chapter. 

The NCERT Solutions for class 11 Biology are available in a stepwise manner. The solutions are available for every chapter in order so that it is not difficult to find the answers for any particular chapter. NCERT solutions also help students to learn important definitions in simple language. They can easily remember important definitions using the solutions.

Class 11 Biology is divided into two parts: Zoology and Botany. Zoology refers to the study of animals and Botany refers to the study of plants. If students face any problem in understanding the concepts related to Zoology and Botany they can immediately refer to the NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology. The solutions given online are available in easy to understand language so that students can learn the lessons easily. 

 Distribution of marks and chapters covered in the NCERT solutions for class 11 Biology

In the final exams, students will get a paper carrying 70 marks. There are a total of five units. Each unit has a different weightage of marks. The first unit holds 7 marks, second unit 11 marks, third unit 15 marks, fourth unit 17 marks, and fifth unit 20 marks.

This can help students to prepare for the exam depending on the weightage of marks given for each unit. Students can lay more stress on the chapters that carry more weightage of marks in the exam. They can understand the concepts of difficult chapters from the NCERT solutions for class 11 Biology.

Each unit has a different number of chapters. In all, there are 22 chapters in class 11 Biology.

  • The first chapter is The Living World that gives general information to the students about living organisms.
  • The second chapter is about Biological Classification that is based on the classification of living organisms into different groups.
  • The third chapter gives detailed information about the plants and their classification.
  • The fourth chapter is about the Animal kingdom and the classification of animals into different groups.
  • In the fifth chapter, students will learn about the morphology of flowering plants.
  • The sixth chapter is about the anatomy of flowering plants and students will learn about the structure of flowers in this chapter.
  • The seventh chapter is about the structural organization in Animals and students will learn about the organization of animals according to their body structure.
  • In chapter eight, students will study the basic unit of life that is the cell.
  • The ninth chapter is about biomolecules and students will study different biomolecules.
  • Chapter ten is about cell cycle and cell division and students will study cell division in detail.
  • Chapter eleven is about transport in plants that helps students to learn the process of transporting substances in plants.
  • Chapter twelve is about mineral nutrition that will help students to learn about minerals.
  • Chapter thirteen is about photosynthesis in higher plants which helps students to get knowledge about the process of photosynthesis.
  • Chapter fourteen is based on respiration in plants that will help students to learn the process of respiration in plants.
  • In the fifteenth chapter, students will study plant growth and development using the NCERT Solutions of class 11 Biology.
  • In the sixteenth chapter, students will study digestion and absorption in animals.
  • Chapter seventeen will help students to learn the breathing process and exchange of gases in animals. They can download NCERT solutions for this chapter to understand the process.
  • Chapter eighteen is about body fluids and circulation that will help students to learn about the circulatory system in animals.
  • In the nineteenth chapter, students will study the excretory products and how they are eliminated out of the body in animals.
  • In chapter twenty, students will get information about locomotion and movement in different animals. They can understand the chapter using the NCERT solutions for class 11 biology.
  • Chapter twenty-one is based on neural control and coordination that will help students to learn about the nervous system in animals.
  • The last chapter is twenty-one chapter is about chemical coordination and integration that will help students to study chemical processes in the body.

How to master Physics for the JEE exam?

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Along with Chemistry and Mathematics, physics is one of the three subjects tested in the JEE Main exam. Physics is often challenging for students preparing for JEE Main when compared to the other two disciplines. However, with thorough preparation, you can easily crack it. When it comes to JEE Physics preparation, there are a few things to keep in mind. Students must be well-versed in the syllabus, especially the crucial chapters, to pass the exam.

Physics in JEE Exam

Physics is a conceptual and principle-based subject that must be visualized and comprehended. Physics is not learned by memorizing principles and notions; rather, it is learned by understanding how to apply them. Numerical problems are another significant component of JEE Main physics. To gain a good grasp of the subject, students must solve as many numerical problems as possible.

In the below article, a detailed guide is given to master Physics for JEE mains.

Understand the Syllabus

The physics syllabus is split into five primary divisions:

  • Mechanics
  • Electrostatics and Magnetism
  • Optics and Modern Physics
  • Heat and Thermodynamic
  • Current Electricity and Electromagnetic Induction

Start with NCERTs

To begin Physics for JEE Main, NCERT is the finest book to choose. For Physics, go over the NCERT texts. NCERT books cover every topic on the exam’s syllabus. It was written by some of the world’s most prominent physicists and is written in a very clear and easy-to-understand language. As a result, finish the NCERT books first to brush up on your fundamentals. It is critical to have a firm grasp of the fundamental concepts.

Prepare Timetable

Make a JEE Main preparation schedule. Aside from school hours, set aside at least 4-5 hours per day for JEE Main preparation, with 2 hours dedicated to Physics.

Practice the questions from prior years.

Practicing previous year’s questions will not only familiarize you with the question structure but will also give you an idea of the most commonly questioned areas, allowing you to plan your strategy accordingly.

Concentrate more on scoring topics.

To pass the exam, you must first understand the exam pattern. There are a few topics that score well and are regularly asked in tests.

During revision, prioritize topics like Conservation Laws, Laws of Motion, Work, Power, and Energy, Electrostatics, Electromagnetic Induction, Rotation Motion, Heat and Thermodynamics, Semiconductor, Nuclear Physics, and Radioactivity.

Make Short notes

Make a comprehensive list of all derivations, formulas, and experiments given in your syllabus and put it somewhere you can see it often. Either make it own or get JEE Main Physics Revision Notes PDF. This is critical for speedy exam revision and memorizing/revising key concepts and formulas. At least once a day, look through them.

Increase your speed

The key to passing the exam is keeping accuracy while also retaining speed. Improve your computation speed by using Vedic Math shortcuts and methods. The number of questions you practice directly affects your speed and accuracy.

Work on your analytical abilities.

Your analytical skills develop if you can come up with multiple solutions to the same problem. Keep your mind sharp by solving puzzles and riddles. You will have an advantage over others on the day of the exam if you are quick to understand questions and figure out how they should be answered.

Management of time

It is properly believed that how you handle exam pressure determines your selection. It is critical to prepare oneself for the big day. It takes practice to solve problems quickly and accurately while allocating adequate time to each segment.

As a result, make sure you do plenty of full-length mocks based on the newest JEE Main 2020 pattern. Give the mocks in the same amount of time as the real exam. It will train your brain to work efficiently under time constraints.

Numerical Problem-Solving in Physics for JEE Main

Always start with easy questions and work your way up to the more challenging ones. First, read the numerical a couple of times to be sure you understand what’s being said and what’s being asked. Make a list of all of the information and values in the query. Make a note of the question’s main point. If the numerical values are different, convert them all to the same SI units. Make use of the formula that must be used to obtain the answers. Before arriving at the ultimate solution, the question may require the application of a sequence of formulas. Always double-check the numerical numbers; even a minor error can cause the answer to be incorrect. To develop confidence, practice as many questions as possible.

Mock Test

During the last days, it’s critical to attempt full-length mocks and practice often. Not only is practice vital, but so is correcting errors by keeping an error log. It will assist you in identifying and correcting common errors/mistakes, as well as strengthening your weak areas.

Revision

Without revision, all your studying will become a waste if you can’t recall the exam. Make a good plan for the exam that also includes regular revision. The more you revise more you remember. Make short notes or flashcards to revise just before the exams.

For IIT JEE Physics, there are a few simple yet crucial chapters.

  • Atomic Structure in Modern Physics
  • Properties of Matter and Fluid Mechanics
  • Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current
  • Circular Motion
  • Rotational Motion
  • Electrostatics
  • Laws of Thermodynamics
  • Current Electricity
  • Ray Optics
  • Classical Magnetism and Magnetic Properties of Matter
  • Newton’s Laws of Motion
  • Center of Mass and Momentum Conservation (Collision)
  • Motion in Two Dimension and Projectile Motion

Best Physics Books for IIT JEE

The following are the finest physics books that will assist you in your IIT JEE preparation:

  • HC Verma – Concepts of Physics (Part I) and Concepts of physics (Part II)
  • IIT JEE Physics – DC Pandey
  • Problems in General Physics – I.E. Irodov
  • Physics for IIT-JEE- Resnick, Halliday, Walker.
  • Problems in Physics- S.S. Krotov

Physics in JEE Exam is tough but if proper strategy and materials are followed then you can crack it with enough hard work and dedication. Make a plan, complete the NCERTs, practice mocks, and revise regularly, that’s all you need.

Tips to pass Class 8 maths examination-

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Whenever any student hears about Maths, a sudden terror reflects on their face. During maths examinations, they are directionless. They don’t have any idea where to start or how to prepare. That’s why we are bringing this article to tell you some tricks to prepare for your maths examination. Although the class 8 maths exam is not that tough, still you need proper practice and knowledge. To know some tips for preparation, read this article. You will get answers to all your questions after reading this.

Tips to pass the maths exam-

The students can follow the below-given tips to pass the exam easily-

  1. Proper practice is required-

Practice makes a man perfect, according to an old proverb. This is correct. So, if you want to learn Mathematics, you must practice constantly. Practice is an important factor in gaining knowledge of the topic. Practicing the questions can help you have a better understanding of the subject. As a result, try to practice as much as possible.

  1. Look through some sample papers-

Try to complete as many example papers as possible. You may improve your grades by properly studying the subject. Solving papers also gives you a sense of how many various ways the same question has occurred and how to respond to it. You can also have an idea of your speed and time management.

  1. Don’t get too worked up before your exams-

Before examinations, it’s essential to get enough sleep and eat at the proper times. If you don’t get enough sleep, your brain won’t be able to absorb the information properly, resulting in mental blockage. As a result, you should get enough sleep every day, especially the night before the exam. Also, consume nutritious and healthful foods.

  1. Remove any doubts you may have-

You must ensure that you have no doubts about a certain subject. By removing any doubts, you will be able to study effectively and pass the exam with ease. You may question your teacher a hundred times if you doubt it until you understand it. However, before the exam, be sure to clear all of your worries.

  1. Formulas should be written down-

Even though math is a practical topic, it is even so necessary to take notes. All formulae and key techniques should be written individually. You’ll be able to revise more easily during the exam as a result of this. You’ll find it simpler to recall the formula if you take notes.

  1. Make a Timetable-

Make a study timetable and practice on the questions with which you are most familiar. Divide your 24-hour period into several modules, focusing on the areas where you require more time. It gives you enough time to prepare for any situation. Try to give more time to the difficult topics or topics in which you are weak. The timetable will assist you in effectively managing your time.

  1. Don’t stick to only one book –

Students should not rely just on a single book. To have a thorough grasp of the subject, they must read at least two volumes. We recommend using NCERT and RS Aggarwal. Both of these books are excellent for preparing for the class 8 math test.

In conclusion, here are some pointers to help you pass your class 8 maths test. The maths test would be a piece of cake for you all if you follow these suggestions. We recommend that you consult both the NCERT and the RS Aggarwal books. This is because both books are essential for your preparation. Follow the correct timetable and method, and keep all of the suggestions in mind.

So, take these suggestions to heart and begin studying for the exam immediately, before it’s too late. Also, don’t panic much as the 8th class maths paper will be straightforward. Simply ensure that you have adequate practice and comprehension of the subject, and you should be able to pass the exam with ease. Check the article’s “Frequently Asked Questions” section if you still have any doubts.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)-

  1. Where can I find RS Aggarwal solutions?

Several websites provide solutions to particular chapters and exercises like RS Aggarwal Class 8 Solutions Chapter 8 Ex 8A. You have to visit the website and find the relevant question. It is very easy to refer to an online solution in case of any doubt.

  1. What are some of the benefits of using RS Aggarwal Class 8 Solutions?

Studying from RS Aggarwal Class 8 books and Solutions has several perks. You’ll find a lot of references, practice activities, sample papers, and previous year’s question papers. Other advantages include the following-

  1. The huge amount of study material available on the internet.
  2. Solutions to textbooks and reference books.
  3. Self-analysis.
  1. What is the ideal way to study for the Class 8 exams?

RS Aggarwal Solutions and NCERT Books are the finest resources for Class 8 exam preparation. These are the most reliable online study materials that provide students with excellent opportunities to evaluate their work. RS Aggarwal Solutions additionally provides references that address the comprehension of ideas and formulae in addition to the standard textbook exercises.

  1. What mistakes should we avoid during the preparation for the exam?

The following are some common mistakes that you should avoid-

  1. Skipping easier or fewer weightage topics can be your biggest mistake. Make sure to put these questions to the test as well.
  2. Don’t learn maths. Math necessitates practice and understanding of ideas. Only learn the formula, not the solution.
  3. Not focusing on the theory part. Read the theory at least once before beginning the solution to ensure that you grasp the topic.
  1. Should we practice sample papers and previous year’s papers?

Yes, definitely. You should practice sample papers and even take mock tests. This will help you to analyze your preparation before the exam. You can also get familiar with the exam pattern and difficulty.  Solving sample papers will help you to improve your speed and accuracy. So, you should surely solve sample papers.

TIPS TO PREPARE FOR NEET FROM CLASS 11

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NEET is a very competitive exam that students of mostly science stream plan to give while still studying in class 11. There are innumerable doubts that students have regarding their preparation and the beginning of such exams. This is a very crucial stage for them, usually, they become very nervous and end up spending a lot of money for mere guidance and the end product is nothing but chaos. In this regard, students should not spend a lot of money and still face a loss instead the following tips can really be helpful for them and they can gain a lot of information that would be necessary for their overall initial preparatory preparation. All these are very important for any NEET aspirant. In class 11, students can easily give time for the preparation of NEET and can build a strong base for their advancement.

The students preparing from class 11 should remember that they are at an advantage and have the best asset with them i.e. they have NCERT books. They (if from CBSE) are studying from these books and therefore should take advantage of it because NEET has many questions from these books. These books are essential to give them a strong base and knowledge about what they would be tested about during the exams. Many students who decide later to give NEET have to study from the start in a short period of time. They have to cover NCERT books with other books and therefore they feel very rushed, on the other hand, students deciding early can take advantage of this time and make sure to give thorough preparation time to these books as much as possible multiple times and thus completing one book for the purpose of preparation.

The students should make sure to download the entire NEET syllabus from the website or some other source. They should download it and mark all the chapters that are mentioned in the syllabus of NEET and are also there in their class 11 books. All those chapters which are similar in both the books should be the priority of the students as those would be asked and assessed later. This practice will make the students feel more prepared and would help them understand the concept better and also give them enough time to prepare other topics.

Another important step is to keep marking and practicing important questions of the chapters that they marked earlier in the previous steps. This way they will strengthen their important questions and they would have less syllabus to revise or work on later. This practice would ensure a certain number of marks as important questions tend to get repeated over the years in the NEET examination. They can mark the important questions or make a notebook of only important questions per chapter and if students are not left with enough time then mere revision of these Important Questions of NEET Units and Measurements can also be very beneficial. 

Good preparation involves good quality notes. Many students tend to skip NCERT books and just buy notes for a high price. Students should understand that every note is different and every note is prepared as per the convenience of the person writing the notes and involves only the stuff that the writer thinks is important. Giving such a high price is not that wise of a step and should rather be avoided. Class 11 students can prepare quality notes which would avoid repetition of the entire book and would also help in multiple revisions. Thus, make sure that proper notes as per the understandability and convenience of the student are made.

Solve numerical and papers of chapters that are getting prepared. Students can take practice solving many numericals on the chapters that they are covering and can also try previous papers on the chapters that they solved and studied. The more practice they give now, the less work they would have to go ahead and the more time they will have for revision later. This can be very helpful as the students find themselves really stuck when it comes to numerical, thus, such a practice is very essential for them to get out of this fear and also feel prepared when it comes to numerical.

Last but not the least, if decided, is consistency. A student who has decided to take the NEET exams should set some dedicated hours every day for preparation for this exam. This can be a long commitment but if a student is deciding to start from class 11 then it would not be that hectic and pressurizing for them. This is a really good advantage in the hands of students and they should take full benefit of it. Thus, helping them remain on the upper hand.

All these are very crucial to class 11 students when it comes to giving their part of their studies to a nationally acknowledged and prestigious exam. It is an exam that may require a lot of commitment and sacrifice but then remember that the students of class 11 are always ahead of their exam preparation if all these steps are taken care of and properly indulged because these will be focused on in a tension-free state and can be retained through multiple revisions. All exams can turn easy if the students are dedicated and really wish to get those clear in an attempt. One should make sure that just because the person is a bit early, it does not allow them to take it lightly and do it only occasionally because such behaviour will reflect in later studies and can have a greater effect negatively than positively. Such an advantage should always be used positively and nothing of it should be done in a way that backfires on the student leading to greater loss than profit because profits are always favourable and appreciated. Keep these tips in mind and start preparing with a dedicated mindset. All the best.

Best Ways To Study Class 11 Accountancy

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Class 11th is somewhat challenging for Commerce students because they are studying very new concepts. In short, they are starting a subject from the scratch. This needs both hard work and smart work from the student’s side. 

The commerce student will have three main subjects generally for them, which are Accountancy, Business Studies, and Economics. In the three, most students find it difficult to follow Accountancy. The tips given below will help you study the subject in the best way possible and score great marks. 

  • A Quick Understanding of the Syllabus

It is suggested to read the syllabus first. This can make you anxious at first as the topics may be very new to you. But don’t worry, just go through them once. Now slowly try to understand them in a nutshell and what each of them means. Try to understand them by relating each one to daily-life situations. This can help you understand the concepts very easily. This quick read of the syllabus gives you an insight into what you are going to study. Now with the help of your teacher, a senior student, or previous year’s question papers, try to know the weightage of each chapter. The chapters with more weightage of marks should be marked as they will be more important in scoring you good marks.

  • Plan

As you have understood the syllabus and the weightage of each topic and chapter, try to plan a study timetable according to the syllabus. Try dividing each chapter into different topics and fix a particular time for studying those topics. Some important topics are Financial Statements, Depreciation, Single Entry Systems, Accounts from Incomplete Records, Bills of Exchange, and Rectification.

Give more time to the topics that you feel are hard to understand and have more weightage of marks. Divide time among the chapters and try to follow the plan as much as possible. If anything doesn’t turn out right to the plan, don’t worry you can always make a plan B. But try to stick to the first plan itself, as this will give you consistency.

  • Follow NCERT Textbooks Thoroughly

The NCERT textbooks are perfect and have every topic covered for you in the right manner. Follow the textbook thoroughly and make use of it to the maximum. Read and understand all the theory and concept portions as much as you can. Make yourself well versed with the textbook, this will help you be good at the subject. 

Practice all the questions given in the textbooks. Make yourself thorough with the different types of questions with practice. Studying the NCERT textbook will be a very good base as they are developed according to the syllabus.

  • Use Good Reference Books and Materials

There are many reference books available, choose the good ones. These books will give extra exposure to the subject and will provide you with many extra questions. Practice the questions given in these books. The more you practice the easier it becomes at the time of the final examination. 

Also, make use of the extra materials wisely. The extra materials will give a very bright insight into the subject. Both soft and hard copy materials are available. Choose the best materials like the DK Goel Solutions Class 11 Accountancy. These materials will help you become more perfect in the subject.

  • Understand rather than By-hearting

Everything may it be theory, concepts, or definitions must be understood properly. Simply by-hearting will not help us to make use of these concepts and theories while solving questions. Also if we forget any part of the definition we by-hearted there are chances of the whole definition getting messed up. Thus it is important to read and understand everything properly, writing down once will be extra help.

Make sure to study the Features, Advantages, and Disadvantages. These are important and frequently asked questions in exams. Therefore, understand everything with the extra points about the features, advantages, and disadvantages. 

  • Formulas and Calculations

The formulas should be by-hearted. But simply by-hearting it won’t work. It is important to study what it means and how it works in a calculation. Thus study formulas by practicing them with a calculation. Practice these formulas and calculations many times, because practice makes you perfect in the formulas and the method it is used.

Also, make sure you write and practice. By reading we won’t be able to remember things for a longer time. If any question comes up in a different manner your written practice can help you more. Especially calculations should always be practiced by writing down.

  • Formats

Formats are very important in Accountancy. The formats of journals, ledgers, balance sheets, etc. should be drawn and studied. With practice, you will become good at these formats and how they should be used. Thus draw and practice every format as you can lose marks with wrong formats.

  • Reading is important, but Writing makes you perfect

Yes, you read it right. Reading will make us acquainted with the topic but writing gives us mastery in the topic. Thus, write and practice everything down. While reading the textbook also make sure to underline and mark the important points. You can later write them down for quick reference.

It is suggested to write down a concept or formula and solve one question based on that particular topic or formula. These notes can help you in fast and easy revision.

  • Revise! Revise! Revise

Most students take revision very lightly, but revision is a very important process while studying. This matters not just for accountancy but for every subject and topic. Only with the proper revision, you can attend the exams with confidence. 

To make the process of revision easy make quick reference notes while studying. These are the notes that can be read quickly once and understood once. Do revision giving it as much importance as studying.

  • Practice Previous Year’s Question Papers.

Extra practice should be gained with the help of extra materials as well as previous year’s question papers. The previous year’s question papers will help you know the pattern of the question paper, the type of questions asked as well as marks for each question. Practicing these will help you be prepared. Also taking rehearsal exams just like the main exam with the correct time limit will help you manage your time well. 

Use Crypto Robo To Achieve Financial Freedom Quicker Than Your Neighbour

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Following the global financial crisis of 2008, the advent of digital currency, especially Bitcoin in 2009, gave people power over their finances. Due to problems such as legislation, public trust, criminal ties, and many others, the cryptocurrency market has been extremely volatile over time. However, for daily investors and traders, it remains the best market.

Bitcoin has been the leading crypto and the sector’s directional cue provider for the past decade. It has shown that it is a highly volatile commodity. Early investors profited handsomely from BTC, which began trading for a few cents and rose to a high of $20,000 in 2017.

While some people see price instability as a barrier to adoption, others believe it provides them with limitless opportunities to make money.

Crypto Robo was developed in response to the numerous opportunities available in the crypto room.

Our software takes advantage of these opportunities to produce consistent daily income for investors with little to no effort on their part. Our software’s high-end technology allows traders to benefit from the market fluctuations while maintaining a precise level of trading.

Crypto Robo is completely automated and operates 24/7. It has received a number of accolades, including one from the prestigious US Trading Association, which named Crypto Robo the best cryptocurrency trading app of the year. Anyone who uses the Crypto Robo should brace themselves and enjoy the journey to making profits daily.

Why Should You Trade On Crypto Robo?

The fact that you can make money trading cryptocurrencies even though you don’t have any prior experience is a big plus. Crypto Robo is an advanced programme that manages cryptocurrency trading without the need for human involvement. The software’s superior algorithm helps it to identify the most profitable crypto trading signals and also goes above and beyond to complete market analysis and trading orders quicker and more effectively.

Crypto Robo also has an interactive UI that can be accessed through a smartphone or a computer. Despite the fact that it is programmed to trade automatically, the trader has the choice to trade manually so that he or she is in complete control.

Here are some other cool features:

Precise Market Analysis

Crypto Robo’ algorithms are programmed to follow advanced trading strategies that result in accurate crypto market analysis. The programme employs over 22 scientific, fundamental, and sentimental analysis tools to produce highly profitable and high-quality trading signals. The software’s AI helps monitor critical market data, enabling the software to trade cryptocurrencies with a 99.4% accuracy rate.

Auto-Trading Mode

Crypto Robo is fully automated and it conducts trades without the need for human interference. All the trader has to do is set his or her trading parameters and let the Crypto Robo software trade and benefit on their behalf. The app searches the market for lucrative trading opportunities and benefits from a time leap advantage of seconds, which helps it achieve high levels of performance. It can use this function to predict market direction ahead of other retail traders. Traders benefit invariably as a result of this.

Strategic Partnerships

Crypto Robo works with the most reputable and well-known brokerage platforms, ensuring that the app meets all of the technological and fundamental specifications. You can depend on first-class trading options, a reliable banking system, and excellent customer support when you work with our brokers. You will be able to exchange Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies directly and instantly with the brokers.

Here’s What Makes Crypto Robo a Unique App

VPS Support

Crypto Robo supports VPS (Virtual Private Server) hosting, which allows the programme to produce and conduct profitable signals 24 hours a day, seven days a week. It makes no difference how close a trader is to his system because the Crypto Robo manages all of the trades and creates income for the trader.

Customize As You Wish

Some investors are concerned that they will be unable to make trading decisions. The Crypto robo, on the other hand, allows investors to alter and adjust a variety of trading factors, such as assets, trading periods, and risk management strategies, providing each trader complete control over their trading activity.

Time Leap Feature

The use of innovative cloud-based technology by Crypto Robo is critical to keeping seconds ahead of the retail industry. As a result, traders will benefit from more than 99 %of all trades.

Parameter Tester

This fantastic feature allows traders to use the Crypto Robo app to test and check the efficiency of their trading parameters. Investors can improve and optimise their trading performance by using the various trading modes available.

Still not convinced?

Visit the Crypto Robo website – crypto-robopro.com/tr to whisk away your fears and let the bot grab the opportunities for you.

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